Book Chapters

  1. Saligram, R., Kaul, A., Bakir, M. S., & Raychowdhury, A. (2021). Multilevel Signalling for High-Speed Chiplet-to-Chiplet Communication. In VLSI-SoC New Technology Enabler (pp. 31–62). Springer.
  2. Chen, Z., Gonde, K., Ravicz, K., Saligram, R., Schlesinger, M., & Wilner, M. (2016). Concluding Remarks. In Wireless Computing in Medicine: From Nano to Cloud with Ethical and Legal Implications (pp. 603–612). Wiley.

Refereed Journal Articles

  1. Saligram, R., Raychowdhury, A., & Datta, S. (2024). (Invited) The Future is Frozen: Cryogenic CMOS for High Performance Computing . Elsevier Chip.
  2. Gaidhane, A. D., Saligram, R., Chakraborty, W., Datta, S., Raychowdhury, A., & Cao, Y. (2023). Predictive Modeling and Benchmarking of Cryogenic FinFETs for Energy-Efficient Computing . IEEE Journal of Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits.
  3. Saligram, R., Datta, S., & Raychowdhury, A. (2022). Design Space Exploration of Interconnect Materials for Cryogenic Operation: Electrical and Thermal Analyses. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems - I: Regular Papers, (TCAS-I).
  4. Saligram, R., Chakraborty, W., Cao, N., Cao, Y., Datta, S., & Raychowdhury, A. (2021). Power Performance Analysis of Digital Standard Cells for 28nm Bulk CMOS at Cryogenic Temperature using BSIM models. IEEE Journal of Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits.
  5. Wriddhi, C., Aabrar, K. A., Gomez, J., Saligram, R., Raychowdhury, A., & Datta, S. (2021). Characterization and Modeling of 22nm FDSOI Cryogenic RF CMOS. IEEE Journal of Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits.
  6. Saligram, R., Datta, S., & Raychowdhury, A. (2021). CryoMem: A 4K-300K 1.3GHz Hybrid 2T-Gain-Cell based eDRAM Macro in 28nm Logic Process for Cryogenic Applications . (Invited), IEEE Solid State Circuit Letters, 4.
  7. Saligram, R., Datta, S., & Raychowdhury, A. (2021). Scaled Back End of Line Interconnects at Cryogenic Temperatures. IEEE Electron Device Letters, 42(11).
  8. Bairy, B., Craig, T. S., Gonde, K., Gupta, N., Prajogi, A., Wilner, M., & Saligram, R. (2016). Mitigating the impact of NBTI and PBTI Degradation. Global Journal of Technology and Optimization, 7, 195.
  9. Saligram, R., Hegde, S., Kulkarni, S., Bhagyalakshmi, H. R., & Venkatesha, M. K. (2013). Design of Parity Preserving Logic Based Fault Tolerant Reversible Arithmetic Logic Unit. International Journal of VLSI Design and Communication Systems, 10.
  10. Saligram, R., Hegde, S. S., Kulkarni, S. A., Bhagyalakshmi, H. R., & Venkatesha, M. K. (2013). Design of Fault Tolerant Reversible Multiplexer Based Multi-Boolean Function Generator using Parity Preserving Gates. International Journal of Computer Applications.
  11. Saligram, R., & Ravishankar, R. (2012). Design of Reversible Multipliers for Linear Filtering Applications in DSP. International Journal of VLSI Design and Communication Systems.
  12. Saligram, R., & Ravishankar, R. (2012). Novel Code Converter Employing Reversible Lgic. International Journal of Computer Applications.

Refereed Conference Proceedings

  1. Wang, W.-C., Saligram, R., Shamieh, L., Gaidhane, A., Cao, Y., Raychowdhury, A., Datta, S., & Mukhopadhyay, S. (2026, August). Cryogenic Operational Transconductance Amplifier (Under Review). IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design 2026.
  2. Saligram, R., Gaidhane, A., Cao, Y., Datta, S., & Raychowdhury, A. (2024, August). Cooling the Chaos : Mitigating the Effect of Threshold Voltage Variation in Cryogenic CMOS Memories . IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design 2024.
  3. Shamieh, L. A., Wang, W.-C., Saligram, R., Zhang, S., Gaidhane, A., Cao, Y., Raychowdhury, A., Datta, S., & Mukhopadhyay, S. (2024, August). Cryogenic Operation of Compute-in-Memoey based Spiking Neural Network. IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design 2024.
  4. Saligram, R., Gaidhane, A., Cao, Y., Datta, S., & Raychowdhury, A. (2024, June). Cooling the Chaos : Mitigating the Effect of Threshold Voltage Variation in Cryogenic CMOS Memories (WIP Poster) . IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference (DAC) 2024.
  5. Singh, M., Datta, R., Saligram, R., Saha, P., Mukhopadhyay, S., Datta, S., & Kumar, S. (2024, March). Machine Learning Enabled High Precision and Fast Thermal Model of Nanoscale Transistors. Government Microrecruit Applications and Critical Technology Conference (GOMACTECH) 2024.
  6. Wang, W.-C., Saligram, R., Sharma, S., Lee, M., Gaidhane, A., Cao, Y., Raychowdhury, A., Datta, S., & Mukhopadhyay, S. (2023, December). Cool-CIM: Cryogenic Operation of Analog Compute-In-Memory for Improved Power-Efficiency. IEEE International Electron Device Meeting (IEDM) 2023.
  7. Saligram, R., Datta, S., & Raychowdhury, A. (2023, August). Cryogenic CMOS as an Enabler for Low Power Dynamic Logic. ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design 2023.
  8. Herr, A., Saligram, R., Van-Winckel, S., Glass, J., Perumkunnil, M., Ashby, T., Brebels, S., Ravex, A., Banerjee, A., & Herr, Q. (2022, October). Dual Temperature Memory Hierarchy and High Speed High Density Data Links for Superconducting Digital Systems . Applied Superconductivity Conference 2022.
  9. Chakraborty, W., Shreshta, P., Gupta, A., Saligram, R., Spetalnick, S., Campbell, J., Raychowdhury, A., & Datta, S. (2022, June). Multi-bit per-cell 1T SiGe Floating Body RAM for Cache Memory in Cryogenic Computing . IEEE VLSI Technology Symposium (VLSI) 2022.
  10. Chakraborty, W., Saligram, R., Gupta, A., Jose, M. S., Aabrar, K. A., Dutta, S., Khanna, A., Raychowdhury, A., & Datta, S. (2021, December). Pseudo-Static 1T Capacitorless DRAM using 22nm FDSOI for Cryogenic Cache Memory. 67th IEEE International Electron Device Meeting (IEDM) 2021.
  11. Chakraborty, W., Aabrar, K. A., Gomez, J., Saligram, R., Raychowdhury, A., & Datta, S. (2021, May). Cryogenic RF CMOS on 22nm FDSOI Platform with Record fT=495GHz and fMAX=497GHz. VLSI Technology Symposia, 2021.
  12. Saligram, R., Datta, S., & Raychowdhury, A. (2021, April). CryoMem: A 4K-300K 1.3GHz eDRAM Macro with Hybrid 2T-Gain-Cell in a 28nm Logic Process for Cryogenic Applications. IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC) 2021.
  13. Saligram, R., Prasad, D., Pietromonaco, D., Raychowdhury, A., & Cline, B. (2021, April). A 64-Bit Arm CPU at Cryogenic temperatures: Design Technology Co-Optimization for Power and Performance. IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC) 2021.
  14. Saligram, R., Kaul, A., Bakir, M., & Raychowdhury, A. (2020, October). A Model Study of Multilevel Signalling for High-Speed Chiplet-to-Chiplet Communication in 2.5D Integration. Proceedings of 28th IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI-SoC 2020).
  15. Saligram, R., Jyoti, K. N. N., & Patel, K. S. V. (2018, December). Quarternary Digital Circuits design using Carbon Nanotube FETs. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Networking, Embedded and Wireless Systems.
  16. Saligram, R., Abhilash, P., & Patel, K. S. V. (2018, December). Realization of Multivalued Logic Combinational Circuits in Fully Depleted Silicon on Insulator. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Networking, Embedded and Wireless Systems.
  17. Bairy, B., Craig, T. S., Gonde, K., Gupta, N., Prajogi, A., Wilner, M., & Saligram, R. (2016, June). Towards mitigating the impact of NBTI and PBTI Degradation. Proceedings of 2nd World Congress on Automation and Robotics Conference.
  18. Saligram, R. (2013, December). Design of Low Logical Cost Conservative Reversible Adders using Novel PCTG. Proceedings of IEEE 4th International Symposium on Electronic System Design.
  19. Saligram, R. (2013, December). Design and Implementation of Logical Cost Efficient Nanometric Fault Tolerant Reversible BCD Adder. Proceedings of IEEE 10th INDICON.
  20. Saligram, R., & Ravishankar, R. (2013, October). Design of Low Logical Cost Adders using Novel Parity Conserving Toffoli Gate. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Emerging Trends in Communication, Control, Signal Processing and Computing Applications.
  21. Ravishankar, R., & Saligram, R. (2013, March). Design of High Speed Low Power Multiplier using Reversible logic: a Vedic Mathematical Approach. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Circuits Power and Computing Technologies.
  22. Saligram, R., & Ravishankar, R. (2013). Contemplation of synchronous Gray Code counter and its variants using reversible logic gates. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies.
  23. Ravishankar, R., & Saligram, R. (2013). Parity preserving logic based fault tolerant reversible ALU. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies.
  24. Saligram, R., & Ravishankar, R. (2013). Optimized Reversible Vedic Multipliers for High Speed Low Power Operations. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies.
  25. Saligram, R., & Ravishankar, R. (2013). Towards the Design of Fault Tolerant Reversible Circuits Components of ALU using New PCMF Gate. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Informatics.